‘If You Don’t Succeed, We Will Jail You’ — Akpabio Opposes Bill to Decriminalise Attempted Suicide

Senate President Godswill Akpabio has sparked controversy after opposing a bill seeking to decriminalise attempted suicide in Nigeria, saying people who survive suicide attempts should face imprisonment.

Akpabio made the remarks on Tuesday during debate on the Suicide Prevention Bill 2026, sponsored by Senator Asuquo Ekpenyong, who represents Cross River South.

“As far as we are concerned, we are saying that suicide is a crime for now. Therefore, if you attempt it, you better succeed. If you don’t succeed, we will send you to prison,” Akpabio said.

He reiterated his position during the debate, declaring that survivors should be jailed under existing laws. He also noted that the Senate had yet to conduct a public hearing on the proposed legislation.

Despite his opposition, the bill passed its second reading, allowing it to proceed to further legislative consideration. It was referred to the Senate committees responsible for health and judicial matters for further examination and a public hearing.

Presenting the bill, Ekpenyong argued that Nigeria’s legal framework contains conflicting provisions. He said the National Mental Health Act recognises attempted suicide as a psychiatric emergency requiring medical intervention, while Section 327 of the Criminal Code and Section 231 of the Penal Code prescribe criminal penalties.

The senator warned that criminalising attempted suicide could discourage people experiencing severe psychological distress from seeking help. He added that the fear of prosecution could lead families to conceal incidents and prevent health workers from reporting cases fully.

Ekpenyong said the proposed legislation would replace punishment with medical assessment, referral, treatment, rehabilitation and continuing support for survivors.

The bill also proposes crisis helplines, public awareness programmes, training for police officers, teachers and healthcare workers, and a national data system to strengthen suicide prevention.

During the debate, Senator Ned Nwoko questioned how the proposed law would prevent suicide and what practical measures it would introduce. Senate Leader Opeyemi Bamidele also raised concerns about the legal implications of amending provisions that apply across different jurisdictions.

The debate has renewed calls for Nigeria to treat attempted suicide primarily as a public health issue. Mental health advocates have warned that criminal penalties may deepen stigma and discourage vulnerable people from seeking assistance.

The bill has not become law. It must undergo further legislative scrutiny before any proposed changes to the existing legal framework can take effect.